Spanish C1 · Day 48
Day 48: Infraestructuras críticas y resiliencia — The rare pretérito anterior (part 3)
What you'll learn
- Grammar: The rare pretérito anterior (part 3)
- Reading: Las utopías de la red: relectura crítica de la resiliencia prometida
- Try it yourself
Every lesson: vocabulary with audio, grammar, reading, a speaking step and a short test.
Grammar point: The rare pretérito anterior (part 3)
At C1 level, recognising a rare past tense is crucial for precise reading, especially in formal or literary contexts. The pretérito anterior and the pluscuamperfecto are two excellent examples. While both can place one past event before another in a story, they still carry distinct nuances of immediacy, clause type, and narrative register.
Key vocabulary (8 of 20 words)
- la infraestructura crítica (IC) – critical infrastructure
- la amenaza híbrida – hybrid threat
- la seguridad del abastecimiento – security of supply
- la seguridad física – physical security
- la fragilidad operativa – susceptibility to disruption, vulnerability
- el apagón generalizado – large-scale power outage
- la planificación de contingencias – emergency planning
- la gestión de riesgos – risk management
🔒 12 more words in this lesson, with audio and practice. Register free to learn them all, or sign in.
Exercises, the speaking test and your progress are inside the lesson.
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